be aware of functional group interconversions:
Nomethod for the direct introduction of “CO2H+” onto aromatic ring.
achieved through functional group interconversion (FGI):
Friedel-Crafts alkylation would lead to rearranged products if the suitable primary alkyl
halide is used, instead the use of Friedel-Crafts acylation leads to the desired product:
use reactivity to your advantage
KMnO4
CO2H
CO2H
NO2
NO2
KMnO4
HNO3/
H2SO4
HNO3/
H2SO4
+AlCl3
NH2
H2
NNO
HCl+NaNO2
decomposes >5oC
H+
"NO+"+H
NO+ X-
- H+
+H2O
AlCl3
Br2/ FeBr3