Intertwingling the White-Cãlugãreanu-Fuller Theorem
and the Hückel Aromaticity Rules

1. Hückel rule depends on phase shift; determined by Lk and not by T.
• Even Lk means no phase shift (all +ve β in determinant)
• Odd Lk means one phase shift (one -ve β in determinant)
2. Intertwingling: Lk(π) = T + W with 4n+2/4n
• Even values for Lk(π) → Hückel 4n+2 electron ground state rule.
• Odd values for Lk(π) → Heilbronner 4n electron ground state rule
3. Both systems will stabilize by minimising T (maximizing W)
   • Smaller T results in increased p_π-p_π overlap
   • Larger W does not decrease β.
4. An even distribution (=delocalization) of T around ring favours aromaticity